Tom Robinson Essay Example for Free

tom Robinson EssayWhen people talk about the ideal human being, the person that everyone aspires to be, they every think about different authors and sporting legends. But, the perfect human in my eyes is in fact a black man going by the name of Thomas Robinson. Tom Robinson was a man that was a great friend, excellent worker and now an inspiration to me. He was a person who had watertight morality and he never went contradicted these. All these morals that he sustained throughout his short life were every ones that benefited the society, except for the fact that it was due to these morals that he died. He meant and did no harm to anyone in Maycomb and his services to the country were much greater than anyone would expect from someone like him. He did nothing just honorable to the community. We will all forever be in debt to his soul. Tom was a loyal worker of mine before he passed away. He has been my beat out worker within days from when I employed him. He would work as hard anyone else I had ever employed if not harder, even though he had only one good arm. When Tom was just twelve, he had gotten his left hand stuck in a cotton gin and tore all the muscles loose from his arm.His arm was destroyed in this accident and it had never been in use since. But remarkably, he still managed to pick cotton faster than numerous of my another(prenominal) workers. Tom worked so efficiently and in the eight years that he worked for me, not once did he cause any trouble. Not once. My other workers would cause all sorts of problems, but Tom did not cause one. He just ignored them and did the tasks that I had set him, and did them well. Tom was one of only a few men that I could trust with my life.When you asked him to a job for you, he would do it without hesitation and always did that job to an exceptional standard. But this is not wherefore I truly admired him. What made Tom so special and contrast from the eternal rest of society was his ability to not judg e the people of Maycomb found on their colour, and this was very rarely found in this small town. He viewed people not as washrags and blacks, but as equals. It was something that we as citizens of Maycomb struggled to grasp, but Tom was an exception.He was someone that respected everyone disregardless of anything besides what was inside them. If the jury during the trial were like Tom, he would still be alive and with us today. deplorably in the end, Tom Robinsons morals and ethics outweighed his common sense. His will to help others clouded his thought process and he did not sustain what he had gotten himself into, until it was in addition late. Befriending and helping Mayella Ewell was truly out of good will but it was not very wise. I constantly asked him why he was wasting helping her when he could be with his children.He would always say that his children had Helen, but Mayella had no one. This sympathy that he displayed was commendable. If Tom was thinking straight, he would have realised that associating with a white woman was undoubtedly going to end on a sour note. But I guess that was the Tom we all know, never refusing to help anyone, regardless of who they were. His cobblers last came as an absolute shock to all of us as we knew that Tom would never harm a fly. Though Tom is physically not with us all today, he will always be kept close to our hearts.His expiry should also cause the death of something else, prejudice in our country. His death has taught us that the race or colour of an individual does not say anything about an individual its what is inside them. Tom Robinson may have been colour on the outside, but it certainly did not mean that he was black on the inside. His death has made many more people in Maycomb realise that not all black people are bad. The view of coloured people being inferior inescapably to be changed and Toms death is step forward in achieving this.Hopefully, the death of one innocent man will prevent the dea th of many more men wrongly accused. This is where Maycomb needs improve to become a better town. Toms death will never be done justice, because he did nothing but good to this prejudice country. He was a great man and he did not deserve to die like this. All we can do now is concupiscence Helen and her children the best for the future and hope they manage without the man in the house. Goodbye Tom, we will all miss you so much. May your soul forever rest in peace.

Macbeth and R+J Essay Example for Free

Macbeth and R+J EssayShakespe are communicates many moods in Macbeth and Romeo Juliet the main moods are love, and hate fuelled betrayal, and in my work these are the themes I will analyse. In Romeo Juliet and Macbeth, vital characters have had to betray in order to achieve love, for example In Romeo and Juliet Juliet has to betray the authority of her father in order to fulfil her affection for Romeo.In terms of love this would mean that The Storge (unconditional love, shared amongst family) that Juliet once felt for her father was met by misogyny (Hatred for Women) upon his realisation of Juliets Eros (love betwixt two people) towards Romeo. Despite her sub receivabled character, Juliet is adamant on not marrying Paris and betraying her family for Romeo. A reiterate to support this is If all else fail, myself have causality to die This signifies that Juliet would rather die than enter something that it not right.A quote from Juliets Father How now, how now, chop-logic Wh at is this? His substance abuse of repetition emphasises his fury in response to Juliets new found aggression in character, and his rhetorical question presents his dominance and highlights the hierarchy that was in place at the time to allocate superiority to males in a family, in this scene the breakdown of Juliets Father and Mothers family relationship is most apparent.Furthermore this is a tear where Juliet is most isolated from her family and becomes closer to Romeo. My alternate interpretation is that Juliet did not betray her family, yet her family were betrayed by there own pride, Pride was the cataclysmic barrier amidst acceptance and condemnation. The most potent character development is Juliets, throughout the play she matures and becomes a lot more retaliant to authority and starts to become herself rather than obedient to thers, this carry through is streng soed because of the speed she has had to become responsible due to the mandatory pressures she is expecte d to comply with and the swift 7 day time period in which the base is conveyed, this development in character gives her the willpower to betray her family which in any case ultimately supports my point. The dramatic techniques employ in Romeo and Juliet create a hastily strong affect due to the play being condensed into a week and an ambience of anxiety.In Macbeth there are several similarities that also support my point Macbeth has to betray superpower Duncan despite his loyalty and Philia (The love of Fri expiryship) has to betray him in order to acquire the Eros from the ever superior gentlewoman Macbeth, this situation contradicts all convention as society was heavily patriarchal which suggests that women should be submissive to men however in this occurrence Macbeth conforms with Lady Macbeths demands to murder King Duncan, this is the main contrast between Macbeth and Romeo Juliet.A quote that coincides with this is But screw your courage to the sticking-place, and well not fail Lady Macbeth challenges Macbeth to murder King Duncan, presenting her dominance and ambition over Macbeth.A quote from Macbeth after when placing the blame on the guards for King Duncans murder Here lay Duncan, his silver skin laced with his golden blood the murderers, steeped in the colors of their trade This illustrates the betrayal that Macbeth has committed, as his use of alliteration strengthens the deviation of this line and the fact that he is unless betraying King Duncan post his death by laying the culpability on the guards simultaneously justifying there execution.Additionally an alternative interpretation of betrayal is explained using this quote Who can be wise, amazed, temprate, and furious Macbeths use of antithesis (underlined) displays how he has slowly become contradictory since his brutal murder of King Duncan which I believe indicates he has betrayed his own nature. The main dramatic technique used in Macbeth is dramatic irony, dramatic irony is wher e something that is indicated at the start of the play will either become true or change at the end of the play or furthermore could mean the opposite of hat might happen. An example of this is that This castle hath a pleasant seat the air nimbly and sweetly recommends itself unto our gentle senses. This is a significant use of dramatic irony, the description of the environment is pleasant however unbeknown to King Duncan, this is where he will be murdered, and this also links in to betrayal.Moreover, at the start of the play, Macbeth describes Banquo to be a Friend however later in the play we know that Banquo becomes his enemy and has to be killed due to the fact he is a great threat to Macbeths throne which is a further deception that Macbeth has carried out. Conclusively I believe Shakespeares all use of dramatic irony links in to betrayal directly, because the constant use of dramatic irony means that the temporary hookup keeps changing effectively displaying that the plot betrays itself continually.This constantly conveys a mood of false anticipation and an eerie sense of the unknown. Reading more in depth into both plays, there are further comparisons Such as the use of fate, when Romeo and Juliet fall in love we know that because of their backgrounds it will lead to death, and similarly in Macbeth the witches tell a prophecy in which Macbeth becomes king and then dies both plays contain different forms of tragedy however both plays meet the same end.Evidence to support this in Romeo and Juliet is A distich of star-crossd lovers take their life Meaning that two different sided (Montague/Capulet) lovers take their life. And for Macbeth All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter This is the prophecy of Macbeth becoming king and then dying.Furthermore, in Romeo Juliet and Macbeth, death is a necessary price to be paid for peace, for example, Romeo and Juliet have to die in order for the Capulets and Montagues to live in tranquillity, to supp ort this, a quote from the beginning soliloquy What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend This means that where we have failed before we will strive to survive now, signifying that Romeo and Juliets death were essential to the Fair Verona achieving peace, likewise in Macbeth, Lady Macbeth and Macbeths death was also fundamental to harmony being restored to the ingdom, an additional quote to support this is The usurpers cursed head the time is free the quote is about Macbeths severed head, and diverts attention to the fact that with his death the time is free which implies it is peaceful. all the same contrary there are many differences, for example the types of love/relationship between the two couples in each play In Macbeth there relationship is very unstable and Lady Macbeth is very domineering over Macbeth also there love for each other is not through passion but through the lust for greed and power as Lady Macbeth is desperate for Macbeth to become king by killing K ing Duncan and betraying his loyalty to him And take my take out for gall, you murdring ministers This suggests she will do anything to become Queen and accentuates her ruthless nature it also underlines the imbalanced relationship in which the position of superiority continuously changes dramatically. At the start Macbeth is a brave and noble hero and he is superior however as the play goes on and when Macbeths manhood is questioned by Lady Macbeth are you not a man? he then becomes submissive and is dictated by Lady Macbeth. In Romeo and Juliet

Measuring Concentration of Natural Gas in Air

Measuring Concentration of Natural Gas in AirValentin HaemmerliMeasuring parsimoniousness of raw(a) bollocks up in air development a catalytic driblet sensor and a W maniastone link up travelAbstract. A nothingness system and a catalytic bead combustible bungle sensor were utilise to calibrate and test an apparatus for measuring the soaking up of natural gas in air. Total concentrations ranged amid 0%-5% and total crush from 0.5 hinder to 1.5 cadence. A Wheatstone bridge circuit was used to measure the railroad siding voltage of the sensors and relate this to concentration over the range of military presss. The linear birth between chemical response rate (given by sign rate of change of product voltage) and concentration was most wellly observed at air pressures of 1 bar and above. The immutable of proportionality for the equation (1) was found to be 8.7 0.4 10-4 Vs-1 per % methane for a total system pressure of 1 bar. The relationship broke down for pressur es significantly be poor 1 bar, indicating that the sensors be not reliable in this range.IntroductionCatalytic bead sensors, as well known as pellistors 1, are used in a panoptic range of applications in industry to monitor levels of combustible gases. whiz such combustible gas is the mixture consisting mainly of methane referred to as natural gas. The catalytic bead sensors can be used to monitor the concentration of natural gas in production facilities, coal mines and industrial processes. This is important because if the concentration of natural gas in air exceeds 5% it becomes explosive 2. It is especially important to monitor methane concentration because it is usually colourless and odourless 3, making it in truth difficult to chance without sensors.An apparatus to measure concentration of natural gas in air can be used to trigger an alarm when there is a concentration greater than the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), given as a percentage. At this concentration the mixture of gas and air becomes explosive. The apparatus may read to be applied for different pressure environments, not only atmospheric pressure, for example in applications with chemical processes requiring lower or higher pressures. The apparatus has thusly been tested for a range of pressures from 0.5 -1.5 bar.TheorySensorsThe sensors used are catalytic bead sensors. One sensor is made up of two divisions, one naked and one non-sensitive. The sensors work by catalysing the oxidation reaction of combustible hydrocarbons in the sensitive element which consists of a platinum wire coated in a compound which facilitates the oxidation reaction and also contains the catalyst for this reaction. The non-sensitive element is identical in most regards, but crucially is missing the oxidizing chemical or has had it poisoned, depending on the specific sensor design used. Poisoning means that the catalyst has been reacted with another chemical to make it inert. The non-sensitive element does not re act with combustible gases. The elements are supplied with 3V, and heat up up to 400-500C to speed up the reaction. When the oxidation reaction of combustible gases occurs on the sensitive element, the heat of reaction increases the temperature of the element, which changes the resistance in the platinum wire. The non-sensitive element acts as a control for ambient temperature, meaning that in the absence of any combustible gas, the two elements will output exactly the same voltage. This is in truth useful as it means that change in temperature due to external factors is controlled and the difference in output between the sensitive and non-sensitive elements can be deliberate using a Wheatstone bridge circuit as described below.This design means that these sensors detect a multitude of different combustible gases and are wherefore not useful for distinguishing between them, meaning they are nonspecific 4. However, they are very useful for situations where monitoring combustibili ty is of importance, and they can be applied readily to the depute of measuring concentration as they are accurate and have a fast response time. The sensors used are sensitive, with a measurement range of 0-100% of the LEL. This corresponds to 0-5% concentration of methane. One downside of these sensors is that they cannot operate in a emptiness as they rely on combustion, which usually requires at least 15% oxygen 4. They are also at risk of poisoning since they rely on a coat of catalyst and the presence of certain chemicals can result in a reaction with this catalyst, meaning the sensitive element would no longer facilitate the oxidation reaction and the difference in output between the elements would always be zero.Wheatstone link up CircuitJeong-Yeol Yoon states that A Wheatstone bridge is an electrical circuit used to measure a very small change in resistance 5. A circuit as shown in build 1 can be used to measure the output from the sensors, where a small resistance chan ge is expected as a result of the sensitive element heating up due to the presence and reaction of combustible gases. A voltage is supplied at the top and can buoy of the diamond of resistors, and the voltage across the middle, between V1 and V2 is measurable. The proficient leg of the bridge should have a large resistance compared to the other leg so that a small change can be detected. The variable resistor allows one to slightly vary the resistance on one leg and so equilibrize the bridge before measurements, zeroing the output.Experimental MethodThe first step was to test how sensor output related to concentration for a total pressure of 1bar (atmospheric). negociate was taken to ensure that all joints and seals of the pointlessness system were tight and that all valves were firmly closed.The vacuum system used to prepare test mixtures is shown in formula 2. P1 and P2, the pressure sensors shown in the figure, were used to measure concentration of natural gas and air. P1 had a range of 3 bar, with the zero set to atmospheric pressure (1bar), and vacuum (0bar) set to -1. This was not very precise, with an uncertainty of 0.1bar and was used to fill up the system with compressed air and the pressure shown by this corresponded to total pressure. P2 was a to a greater extent precise pressure sensor, ranging from 0 to 50 mbar with uncertainty 0.5mbar. It was used to carefully add the correct proportion of natural gas to the vacuum, before topping up with compressed air. Using this vacuum system, concentrations ranging from 0-5% natural gas were prepared. Figure 2 also shows the position of the pellistor sensors two elements and the connection to the Wheatstone bridge circuit. The output of this circuit was connected to a V meter which was connected to a computer for data logging. This had a range of -30.00 to 30.00mV with uncertainty 0.01mV.Data logging was carried out for 5 minutes and 30s for concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% at a total pressure o f 1 bar. Errors were reduced by zeroing the Wheatstone bridge output using the variable resistor between measurements. This was done to reduce the effect of a natural drift in the output due to very slightly varying conditions in the lab such as temperature and the resistance in the circuit, as well as mechanical vibrations. The bridge circuit sum up voltage was kept at a constant 3.00V. Care was taken to leave little time between sealing the system under vacuum and filling with natural gas and air as the seals were not perfect and pressure rose slowly, but noticeably if the system was left at vacuum for an extended period.This procedure was then repeated for a suitable range of concentrations at total pressures of 0.5, 0.75, 1.25, and 1.5 bar. The same considerations were made for reducing hallucination as above. One thing to note is that at total pressures of less than atmospheric there was always a slight influx of outside air, due to the imperfect seals, provided the effect o f this was negligible.Experimental ResultsTo find a correlation between the concentration of methane and the bridge output voltage we took the side of the initial increasing linear ingredient of the raw data. Figure 3 below shows this for the case with concentration 5% of methane with a total pressure of 1 bar. As can be seen, the measured data falls away as reactant, the natural gas, is used up in the reaction. Figure 3 also shows that there is a very nippy spike as the output voltage varied greatly when the sensor was first switched on. This illustrates that care was needed when selecting which section of the curve to use to calculate the gradient.This is the right method to use to find concentration because, according to Hammett, the rate of any chemical reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrations of the substances actually involved in the reaction. 7 and the gradient of Figure 3 is a rate of reaction. The next step was to establish the gradients, or initial reaction rates, of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% methane mixtures. These are shown in Figure 4, along with 5%, for a total pressure of 1 bar. Figure 5 shows these gradients again, but all in order and firing through the origin to better show the steady increase in gradient.Figure 6 shows processed data for 1 bar total pressure. The gradients of the lines from Figures 4 and 5 are plotted against their concentration. This allows us to find a constant linking the raw data to the concentration for this pressure. Table 1 goes on to show the set of this constant for the other pressures analysed. The raw data for these is not shown here, but the process and data is similar to that for 1 bar.Figure 7 shows the relation between the pressure and the concentration. Also included are a second order polynomial and a linear trend line (fitted by least squares). Vertical error bars are from standard error in Table 1 and horizontal error bars from 0.1bar uncertainty in total pressure.DiscussionFigure 6 show s the gradients of the lines in Figures 4 and 5, meaning the rates of reactions at different concentrations, plotted against the concentration of methane. This gives us a relationship between concentration and the initial rate of reaction, the quantity derived from the raw data, for a specific total pressure. For 1 bar this was 8.70.4 10-4 Vs-1 per % methane. The error in this comes from a combination of the uncertainty in the pressure measurement leading to uncertainty in concentration corresponding to 0.1% in the worst case and a small random error in the output voltage of the bridge circuit corresponding to 210-4V.Figure 7 includes both a polynomial fit and a linear fit. It is unclear if the relationship remains linear or takes some other form at low pressure. The polynomial is almost linear for the three higher pressures, which indicates a strong relationship between pressure and reaction rate for higher pressures. The values and their associated errors in Table 1 come from each plot of initial reaction rate (rate of change of voltage) against concentration for the different pressures. The error is the standard error for these plots.There was a breakdown of the relationship at low pressures. Data for 0.5 bar total pressure was not included in the results because no clear relationship between output and concentration was found. This indicates that the sensors are not suitable for low pressures, especially when coupled with low concentrations. This resulted in very little output from the sensors, making it difficult to reliably determine an initial reaction rate, which is vital for obtaining a relationship between the raw data and the concentration. The reason for this lack of output was that not enough natural gas particles were interacting with the sensitive element to cause it to heat up and also due to a lower oxygen concentration also slowing down the reaction. This is not a problem in the commercial-grade applications of these types of sensors as they are typically used to detect high concentrations of combustible gases at atmospheric pressure. This does highlight a weakness in the apparatus when used for finding unknown concentrations, however. Another weakness was the inability to measure large pressures precisely, leading to large errors in the total pressure measurements. This has an increased effect on low pressures, which is a further reason for the less reliable data.Empirical RelationshipIf we give the initial rate of reaction a constant,, and a mould of pressure, , then(2)where is the concentration of methane, is determined experimentally from the sensor data and is the polynomial relationship from Figure 7,(3)with the appropriate total pressure, found experimentally from the pressure sensors on the vacuum system, substituted. Using this equation it is possible to use the sensors to determine the concentration of an unknown mixture.ConclusionsThe aim was to build an apparatus capable of determining the concentration o f natural gas in air up to 5%. In order to do this it was necessary to first establish the relationship between sensor output and concentration. This was then repeated at different pressures to understand the effect of a different pressure on the relationship between sensor output and concentration. at long last it was possible to use these relationships to determine the concentration of an unknown mixture of gas and air.The constant of proportionality for 1 bar pressure was found to be 8.70.4 10-4 Vs-1 per % methane. For 0.75 bar it was found to be 6.51.6 10-4 Vs-1 per % methane, 1.25 bar was 16.20.8 10-4 Vs-1 per % methane, and 1.5 bar was 25.31.9 10-4 Vs-1 per % methane. No correlation was found between sensor output and concentration for 0.5 bar.AppendixDivision of labour among concourse membersGiuseppe Guarino main tasks were constructing bridge circuit on protoboard and constructing and soldering strip board circuit which was finally used in data collectionDavid Griggs main tasks were configuring CassyLab software product and importing raw data into Microsoft ExcelValentin Haemmerli main tasks were preparing mixtures of natural gas and compressed air in vacuum system and researching sensor operation guidelines divided responsibilities everyone shared the tasks of checking the circuit, building the vacuum system apparatus and preliminary data analysis.References1Operating Combustible Gas Sensors, ed Sixth sentience (sensor manufacturer).2Material Safety Data shred Methane, ed Air Products, 1999.3J. G. Speight, CHAPTER 1 History and Uses, in Natural Gas A Basic Handbook, ed Euromoney Institutional Investor PLC / Gulf Publishing Company, 2007, pp. 1-33.4L. T. White, 4 furious Gas Monitoring Sensors, in Hazardous Gas Monitoring (Fifth Edition), L. T. White, Ed., ed Norwich, NY William Andrew Publishing, 2001, pp. 81-116.5J.-Y. Yoon, Wheatstone Bridge, in Introduction to Biosensors, ed Springer New York, 2013, pp. 75-86.6Catalytic Elements CAT16, ed Six th Sense (sensor manufacturer).7L. P. Hammett, Physical organic chemistry reaction rates, equilibria, and mechanisms. New York St. Louis San Francisco etc. McGraw-Hill, 1970.

Individual Analysis Of Marks Spencer Marketing Essay

Individual Analysis Of Marks Spencer Marketing EssayNowadays, consumers buying behaviour and wants changed rapidly. It is vital for an organization to segment their grocery store in evidence to meets the directs and wants of all veers of the consumers in this competitive market. Market is a place where potential buyers and make outers gathered in rig to exchange their goods. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.14).Market cleavage is to destine a market into direct groups which consist of buyers that might require separate crops or marketing mixes and classified customers with different needs, characteristics or behavior into groups. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.344). It includes geographical segmentation, demographic segmentation, psychographic segmentation and behavioral segmentation.Geographical segmentation classified the market into different geographical units, for example, nations, regions, states, municipalities, cities or neighbourhoods. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.345). For instanc e, a company rear end operate in one, some or all argonas but only focus to local variations.Demographic segmentationDemographic segmentation divide the market into groups on the basic variables such(prenominal) as age, family size, family life cycle, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, race, generation, nationality, and social class. Demographic segmentation is often be used to distinguish the customer groups because it often associated with the customers needs, wants, usage rates, product and brand preferences.Psychographic segmentationPsychographic segmentation divided market into different groups of buyers based on their socioeconomic status, lifestyle and personality characteristic. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.348). Socioeconomic status is the strong effect on preferences of buyers in the product. Lifestyle is a way of life or style of living of a person that leave reflect the products they choose to buy. Personality is where a product is somaed based on the pers onality of the consumer.Behavioural segmentationBehavioural segmentation divides the buyers into groups which based on their knowledge, attitude and responses towards the product. (Kotler, et al., 2004, pp.349). It as well as can based on the occasion segmentation and benefit segmentation.The Perfect and Classic rangesThe Perfect and Classic ranges argon in the psychographic segmentation because it is based on the consumers socioeconomic, lifestyle, and personality. For instance, it is based on classically stylish come along customers who are in a busy lifestyle but look for graphic symbol products in a value reasonable scathe. Besides, it in like manner aimed on consumers which look for timeless compendium and smart and elegant clothes.The recruit rangeThe Autograph range is in geographical segmentation by launched in spring / summer 2000 range at selected stores only. It also launched the hat collection in nationwide which classified the market into nations. Besides, it als o in the range of demographic segmentation in terms of gender and by recruited top casters to create women wear and menswear.per una rangePer una is using demographic segmentation in its market. It divided the market in age, gender and income. For instance, it target on the customer in the age between 25 and 35 which is fashion- conscious women. Besides, it also in superb intent at competitive price and 10 per cent more expensive than M S other main range which aimed at the customers that have top(prenominal) medium to high income level to purchase for its products. Besides, it also based on behavioural segmentation by divide the customers based on their response toward the product. For instance, the renovate of reaction the customers will reflect the good from design concept to be faster shop rails in weeks but not in months. final resultAs a result, Marks Spencer had segmented its three sub brands into different kinds of segmentation which can gather the potential buyers wit h different characteristic to purchase their goods concord to their preferences. This will helps to target different customers from all over the region to increase the sales volume and profitability and at the same time understand the customers needs, wants and savour that will help in the production line.Question 2IntroductionMarks Spencer (M S) garments had segmented its womens wear into number of ranges and sub brands in order to speak to a different lifestyles to target the market. It includes The Perfect Collection, The Classic Collection, The Autograph and per una.Order winnersOrder winners is the things that directly and significant contribute to the winning business. Order-winning factor is the arrangement of resources which are applied to the production and the delivery of products and services. (Slack, et al., 2007, pp. 69). It is also the features which are singular and distinctive compared to other similar product ranges as to retain existing customer commercial e nterprise as well as to attract new customers and brand switches.QualifiersQualifiers is the aspects of competitiveness where the performance of the operation has to be above the level considered by the customer. (Slack, et al., 2007, pp. 69). It also a product features that are usually present in other similar competitive brands. It means that existing customers needs will remain satisfied where they need not switch to other brand but at the same time it hold no unique features to attract new customers.FeaturesThe features of Perfect collection garments is based on classically stylish which is pore on basic principle and machine washable, non-iron and tumble-dry friendly which aimed at customer who are busy and look for forest and value garments on a reasonable price. Besides, it is a timeless essentials where customers can just wear it with anything.Whereas, the Classic collection garments is focus on more mature customer which concentrated on design, comfort, long- enduring, s mart, elegant clothes and versatility which made from high quality fabrics at value-for-money prices. It is designed for skim and flatter the natural body roll of the customers. It is a timeless collection that reflects customers style and finesses.Autograph range is forthcoming in selected stores and which is designed by top designers. It includes women wears, men wears and accessories. Autograph range is sell on high roadway price with limited pieces on each item launched.Per una is targeted on fashion-conscious women between the aged of 25-35 and the size of 8-18. It provides a superb design at affordable price. It also comes with latest trends, limited editions and exclusive design with no repetition which stands 10% more expensive in M S main range.Customers expectationThe customer who is smartly dressed to the nines(p) would expect the availability of their size, price and quality for the standard items in M S. They prefer the garments which is easy to clean. As for the f ashionably dressed lady would expect the availability of bigger sizes in the store with reasonable quality and the colour of the garments must not be eliminate or shrink when washed. This customer is more focus on availability of size rather than the variety of colour shades.As for premium items, the customers who is smartly dressed would expect limited design clothes which is exclusively designed with high quality and long lasting. Besides, the customers who is fashionably dressed would focus much on design rather than quality and unlikely to purchase high fashion item unless it is a impulse purchase which its expect to wear for only a hardly a(prenominal) times before replacing it.The Perfect and Classic rangesOrder winnersThe order winners of Perfect and Classic ranges are the items which is timeless essentials, long lasting style that can maintain quality and versatility. It is also skim and flatter to the natural body shape and belongs to the range of smart and elegant clothe s with high quality of fabrics at valuable price which can attract the new and existing customers.QualifiersThe qualifiers of the Perfect and Classic ranges are the items which are machine washable, non-iron and tumble dry friendly. Besides, the items which is return to basics such as plain, white shirts, black roll neck sweaters and jeans which can retains the existing customers.The Autograph rangeOrder winnersThe order winners of The Autograph range is the unique design by the top designers which is the philosophy of Autograph to bring cutting-edge design for the customers within a selected stores which charged at a high street price but in a designer boutique environment that can attract more new customers for the unique design that only available in selected stores.QualifiersThe qualifiers of The Autograph range is the availability of collection items such as Philips Treacys collection with 18 hats and 10 bags with a variety of no more than 60 of each colour and style which can let the existing customers to have more choices in terms on style and colour of the items..per una rangeQrder winnersThe order winners of per una are the unique design with quality materials and latest trends which comes in limited editions. It is also comes with small numbers with no repetition in design that will attract new customers to purchase it as its design are exclusive and limited edition.QualifiersThe qualifiers of per una is the size of clothes which is from 8-18 that come in small number. This will kept up(p) the existing customers that are small in size between aged of 25-35. Besides, the design of clothes also very attention to detail. finaleIt is vital that M S to distinguish the company order winners and qualifiers for the customers in order to target the markets and to gaining competitive advantage.Question 3Every operation also had a range of stakeholders which may or maybe influence the operations activities. (Slack, et al., 2004, pp. 39). There are internal st akeholders such as employees and external stakeholders such as customers, society companys shareholders and so on. Operation performance objective includes the five performance objectives which are quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost.Perfect and Classic rangesAutograph rangeper una rangeProduct rangeTargets on classically stylish and mature customers that with a busy lifestyle.Produce smart and elegant clothes.Targets on unique design by top designers which available in selected store.Targets on fashion conscious women in the aged of 25-35 with the size of 8-18.Inspired by latest trends.Design changesContinual changesOccasional changesOccasional changesPrice just and value-for-money prices in terms of quality.The lowest price among the Autograph range and per una range.High street prices.It ranks as the second highest of price between perfect and classic range, and per una range.The highest price compared to perfect and classic range, and per una range.10% more expen sive in the Marks Spencer main range.QualityHigh quality that ranked number three among Autograph range and per una range.High qualityHigh and exclusive quality.Sales volumes SKUHighMediumLowOrder winnersThe garments are timeless essentials that have long lasting style which can maintain quality and versatility.It also skim and flatter to the natural body that used high quality of fabric but in valuable price.The clothes are unique design by the top designers which is the philosophy of Autograph to bring cutting-edge design for the customers at selected stores.The clothes are charged at a high street price but in a designer boutique environment.The garments are unique design with quality materials and latest trends which comes in limited editions.No repetition in the in the design.Order qualifiersThe garments are machine washable, non iron and tumble dry friendly.It also focused on basic design such as plain, white shirts, black roll neck sweaters and jeans.The availability of coll ection items such as Philips Treacys collection with 18 hats and 10 bags with a variety of no more than 60 of each colour and style.The size of clothes which is from 8-18 that came in small number.The design of clothes also very attention to detail.Operations prioritiesDependability and quality.Basic and comfort.Cutting edge design within a unique boutique environment.Quality materials and latest trends.ConclusionIt is important for Marks Spence to identify and classified their companys operation performance objectives of different ranges in order to ensure that the three sub brands will have a smooth production line in terms of which brands that different customers served by differentiate it into different product ranges.(2023words)

English Language Education Is Critical For Hong Kong

side of meat Language Education Is Critical For Hong KongHong Kong is a variationer British crown colony ,and is currently a finical administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China. Hong Kong had been a British crown colony for more than 100 years (Hong Kong). Hong Kongs legal system, financial system, upbringingal system, and culture have been influenced by the British, and Hong Kong is now one of the important financial centres in Asia (Meyer 219). Hong Kongs official quarrel is mandated as Chinese and side of meat according to the Basic Law (Hong Kong). After the run off of sovereignty to China, Hong Kongs unoriginal education system shifted twice, in 1997 nearly eighty percent of the schools were forced to handling Chinese as a medium of statement (MoI) known as the mother-tongue education policy (Choi 673-674). In 2008, the secondary schools were assigned their MoI with the reference to the admission grades of grade 6 students known as the fine-tuning policy (S uen 1). mean(a) of Instruction is defined as a language variety which is use in educational settings for purposes of teaching and learning (Medium of Instruction).There have been repercussions among the stakeholders of the educational system including p arents, university professors, corporations, etc., as students English competency has been declined due to the education policy change (Flowerdew Li and Miller). Thus, should English should be utilize as a MoI in hong Kong secondary and tertiart education? English should be used rather than Chinese in secondary and post-secondary education because it can foster economic development (Ng 1), it is beneficial for student passage paths (Flowerdew, Li and Miller 206), and it is an international language (Shen 112).Hong Kong language education policy has long been a political issue rather than an educational issue (Tsui et al. 200). beneath the rule of the Great Britain, colonial educational policy has been adopted (Flowerdew, Li, and Miller 204). This is used for educating a small group of local elites who act as the middleperson surrounded by the British officials and the local Hong Kong citizens (Flowerdew, Li, and Miller 205). For elementary education, schools are under the laissez-faire policy, which the schools can pick and choose their own MoI (Lai and Byram 316). From secondary to post-secondary level, English is mostly used as the MoI. Flowerdew, Li ,and Miller has indicated that during the 1980s, 90% of the secondary schools are used in English. At the same time, the colonial Hong Kong government had disagreed with the mixed-mode approach on teaching, which is draw as using Cantonese to explain terms and definitions, and using English on teaching and testing materials (Flowerdew, Li, and Miller 205). In the early 1990s, the colonial government had increase the number of universities in order to meet the demand of the needs of the professionals in the flourishing economy (Flowerdew, Li, and Miller 206) . The number of universities had increased from two to eight, and six place of eight are used English as MoI for lectures and tutorials. On 1997, Hong Kong became a part of the Chinese territory. On September, 1997, the mother-tongue education policy had been enforced (Lee 13). Only 114 secondary schools are allowed to use English as MoI, and more than 300 secondary schools had to use Chinese as MoI (Lee 13). On 2008, fine-tuning policy had been enforced, as the Hong Kong government try to eliminate the negative labelling effect of the English and the Chinese schools (Suen 6).Even though currently Hong Kong is a part of the Chinese territory, English should be used as the MoI in the secondary and post-secondary education system. First, English as MoI can boost the economic growth of Hong Kong. Hong Kong is one of the Asias international financial centres, and English is commonly used as the medium of communication in Business, the local workforce has to be fluent in English to com municate with investors and clients (Lee 98). The future generation are open(a) more to the English language environment because MoI is English. Because of this, the prospective international companies may consider Hong Kong as the regional headquarters which can strengthen economic development, and cause more jobs . Besides, as Chinas economy is growing rapidly, many international corporations see Hong Kong as a gateway to China (Lee 98). China opens its door to the world in the mid-1980s, Hong Kong has prototypally became as an entrepot, and now becomes the middleperson between China and the world. Entrepot is defined as a centre at which goods are received for subsequent dispersal (Entrepot). In order to keep the current position as the middleperson and the gateway of China, English is more important than ever. Moreover, using English as MoI can deal students to think in the language and use as a knife franca, so that they can easily adapt the western cultures and beliefs ( Ng 5). Lingua franca is any form of language serving as a means of communication between speakers of different languages (Lingua franca). That can make international corporations to enter Hong Kong at ease because citizens are already exposed to the western cultures and thoughts.Second, English as MoI is critical to student career prospective. In the competitive city like Hong Kong, higher foreign language great power, for example, English can ensure a secured employment and financial future for the students (Lee 25). As mentioned above, Hong Kong is an international city, and English is used as MoI in university, it is crucial for students to use English as MoI. When the mother-tongue education policy is compulsorily implemented, some parents broke into tears that their children cannot go to those English schools (Lee 26). Apart from that, university lecturers from the City University of Hong Kong also complained that students English ability is weak, sometimes the situation makes lecturers difficult to communicate with their fellow students and explore new ideas with their students (Flowerdew, Li ,and Miller 213). As a whole, this can dampen the knowledge that students receive, and propel the creditability of the Hong Kong university graduates. Flowerdew, Li, and Miller quoted from different surveys that secondary school students, university students, and teaching professionals are prone to English as MoI (qtd. in Pennington and Yue Hylan Lin et al. Richard, Tung, and Ng). Lau, a secondary school English surgical incision chair also indicated English is important for students future in the long-run. Therefore, Hong Kong government should use English as MoI in secondary and post-secondary education.Third, English is an international language. worldwide language is described as a language that can achieve a genuinely global status, when it develops a special role that is recognized in every country (Nunan 590). English is a lingua franca because it is widel y used in world politics, telecommunications, business, mass media, technology, and education (Shen 113). For international relations, there are 85 percent of the world organizations using English. For popular music, 99 percent of the work is in English (Shen 113). In order to broaden students horizons, education in Hong Kong should be used in English as MoI. By broadening their horizons, students learning can be enhanced.On the contrary, there are challenges on using English as MoI. Although English as MoI benefits students, starting language teaching is the most effective way to learn (Suen). First language is defined as the first language that an individual learns, also known as L1 (First language). On the other hand, using English as MoI will create the rising of elitism which refers to a interpretation of attitudes that are ascribed to a higher social class, or to anyone in a superordinate position (elitism Flowerdew, Li, and Miller). Hong Kong is well-known for its social st rata crack. According to the Gini index, which is an index measures the degree of contrariety in the distribution of family income in a country, Hong Kong has ranked in 17 among 135 countries, and Hong Kong has the highest rank among developed nations (Distribution of family income- Gini index). If English again has been enforced as the MoI, the gap between the rich and the poor will be widened, and the situation will create social unrest.Despite the fact that English as MoI has its disadvantages, its benefits still overbalance the disadvantages. Hong Kong educational system should be used English as the Medium of Instruction not only in secondary and post-secondary schools, but also in elementary schools or even pre-schools. Hong Kong government should poll ways to develop English as the L1 for their citizens, and they should learn the experience from Singapore (Ng). Hong Kong government should also defy a consistent and sustainable education system. As I have said, Hong Kong h as shifted its educational system at least twice over the past 10 years. In order to produce a knowledgeable workforce, a stable system should be used. Before making any changes to the educational system, Hong Kong government should examine the pros and cons of the changes to the educational system thoroughly and publish the policy in a more transparent way.Format MLA/ Word Count 1484Work CitedAsh, Robert. Hong Kong in alteration One Country, Two Systems. Taylor Francis, 2002. My Library. Web.20 Nov. 2010Choi, Po King. The best students will learn English ultra-utilitarianism and linguistic imperialism in education in post-1997 Hong Kong. Journal of Education form _or_ system of government 18.6 (2003) 673-694. pedantic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 22 Nov. 2010.Distribution of family income Gini index. CIA World Factbook. Washington CIA, 2009. Credo Reference. Web. 06 Dec. 2010.elitism. The Blackwell Dictionary of Political Science. Oxford Blackwell Publishers, 1999. Credo Refer ence. Web. 12 Dec. 2010.entrepot. The Penguin Dictionary of Economics. London Penguin, 2003. Credo Reference. Web. 12 Dec. 2010.first language. A Dictionary of Sociolinguistics. Edinburg Edinburgh University Press, 2004. Credo Reference. Web. 12 Dec. 2010.Flowerdew, John, David Li, and Lindsay Miller. Attitudes Towards English and Cantonese Among Hong Kong Chinese University Lecturers. TESOL Quarterly 32.2 (1998) 201-31. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 22 Nov. 2010.Distribution of family income Gini index. CIA World Factbook. Washington CIA, 2009. Credo Reference. Web. 12 December 2010.Gow, Lyn, and Others And. The set up of English Language Ability on Approaches to Learning. RELC Journal A Journal of Language Teaching and Research in Southeast Asia 22.1 (1991) 49-68. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 22 Nov. 2010.Hong Kong. cyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica 2009 Ultimate Reference Suite. ChicagoEncyclopaedia Britannica, 2009.Ingham, Michael. Hong Kong A Cultural History. Oxford University Pres s USA, 2007. Web. 19 Nov. 2010.Language (Hong Kong). Encyclopedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English. London Routledge, 2005. Credo Reference. Web. 09 Dec. 2010.Lau, Tony. My philosophy and reflections regarding English Language education KLA. Hong Kong Tak Sun Secondary School, 2003. Web.Lee, Tony Tung Kiu. The debate on change of medium of instruction in Hong Kong secondary schools. Diss. University of Toronto (Canada), 2003. Dissertations Theses Full Text, ProQuest. Web. 12 Dec. 2010.lingua franca. A Dictionary of Sociolinguistics. Edinburg Edinburgh University Press, 2004. Credo Reference. Web. 12 Dec. 2010.medium of instruction (MoI). A Dictionary of Sociolinguistics. Edinburg Edinburgh University Press, 2004. Credo Reference. Web. 21 Nov. 2010.Meyer, David R.. Hong Kong as a Global Metropolis. Cambridge Studies in diachronic Geography. Cambridge University Press, 2000. My library. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.Ng, Eng Hen. Ministry of Education, Singapore Speeches. Singapore Govern ment, 17 August 2008. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.Nunan, David. The Impact of English as a Global Language on Educational Policies and Practices in the Asia-Pacific Region. TESOL Quarterly A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect 37.4 (2003) 589-613. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 9 Dec. 2010.Shen, Qi. Globalization of English and English Language Policies in East Asia a Comparative perspective. Canadian Social Science 5.3 (2009) 111-120. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 22 Nov. 2010.Suen, Michael. EDB- Speeches and Articles by Security for Education. The Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , 16 Feb. 2009. Web. 21 Nov. 2010.Tsang, Steve. A Modern History of Hong Kong. London New York I.B. Tauris, 2003. Net Library. Web. 21 Nov. 2010.Tsui, Amy B. M., et al. Which Agenda? Medium of Instruction Policy in Post-1997 Hong Kong. Language, Culture, and Curriculum 12.3 (1999) 196-214. MLA International Bibliography. EBSCO . Web. 12 Dec. 2010.Yau, Elaine. HKIEd tunes in to the fine-tuning of English language presentation. South China Morning Post 17 Jan. 2009. General OneFile. Web. 21 Nov.2010.

Free Essays - Importance of Listening in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein :: Frankenstein essays

Importance of Listening in Frankenstein       The monster says to Frankenstein.   Listen to my tale when you have heard that, abandon or commiserate me, as you shall judge that I deserve. But hear me. The guilty are allowed, by human laws, bloody as they are, to speak in their own defense onward they are condemned.(The monster, pg. 69)           In Frankenstein, listening is an important theme that comes up numerous times. The novel is written in a framed narrative form, which allows for one interchange story to be relayed through other characters several times. The reader and Mrs. Saville are the first people who listen to Frankensteins story through Waltons permitters home. Walton listens to Victors story from Victor, and Frankenstein listens to the monsters story.  each person has a message or process of monition that they need to relay to the other. They stress the importance that the other person listens as b est as doable in order to understand the message they are trying to get across. Frankenstein emphasizes the importance of listening through a series of key characters.       Mrs. Saville and the rest of ball club read Waltons letters which tell Victor Frankensteins story. This is the outermost layer of the framed narrative format of the novel. Mrs. Saville is Waltons sister. He begins writing her letters on his mission to the Artic to let her know that hes okay. Then he comes across Victor Frankenstein and he records Frankensteins story in his letters home. Victors story is supposed to communicate a warning to society. The warning is to not become so wrapped up in the pursuit of knowledge that contact with other people becomes unimportant. Isolating oneself from society due to science is a common theme in Frankenstein. Victor and Walton both do this to themselves and Victor learned the consequences the hard way. In order to prevent others from making th e same mistakes he did, he tells Walton his story to get it out in the open.       Victor Frankenstein has been through a lot in his quest to create life. He was so wrapped up in his scientific studies that he isolated himself from his family and friends and society in general.

Science Vs Religion :: essays research papers

Since the beginning of human history there have been umpteen explanations for events that seem break through of human control. In recent civilized history, religious and since the beginning of human history there have been many explanations for events that seem out of human control. In recent civilized history, religious and scientific views have often clashed with one another. Religious ideas atomic number 18 usually presented first and then enough scientific demonstration accumulates to dare religious beliefs. These findings of science are met with incredulity and most are considered a heresy. Since the middle ages until the 18th centuri, religious ideology was the most accepted modality of explaining the unexplained. During the next couple hundred years, many members of academia(a school of philosophy), using science to back them up, came up with forward-looking ways of dealing with the unanswerable questions. When the church had the great power, men and women of science w ere viewed as the "wicked guys." In most cases it was safer to believe in the church and their ideas, in order not to be excommunicated or shunned by society, than to place their trust in charlatan scientists. As a result, many conflicts arise between men of religion and men of science. Even if a scientist range out to prove the church wrong and show or so very strong evidence contrary to popular belief, he was usually shunned and his ideas denounced publicly. It is not until many people have similar evidence and findings do they gain any credibility with normal people and the church. Nowadays people believe that if a scientific view is false, then by continuing study and research the truth may be discovered. one may conclude that if no one presented new(a) ideas, then intelligent thought would have no place in a society like that. Scientists like Darwin accepted the risks involved in presenting new ideas. Voltaire also was a revolutionary thinker. Although, he presented ideas of his own, he decided to satirize science and religion. Each society, church, men of academia, believes that their ideas are correct and therefore are the beaver of the world. It is true, even to this day, that each nation has a different set of standards, reasoning, and beliefs on how life works and what are the best possible things to believe in. In some cases, nations try to push those beliefs on other nations. This results in a push for new scientific research and other religious and philosophical beliefs of that nation, to fight the ideas that are being reflected on them.